BI 309: evolution
Paper 1
Human Evolution as a Tinkerer
When the word chub mackerel is presented words such(prenominal) as innovation, creativity, and experimentation almost always come to mind. What is rattling amazing is to compare a vast concept such as evolution to that of a tinkerer. Such is the case with François Jacobs 1977 paper Evolution and Tinkering. In his paper Jacob argues that evolution is non like an engineer who has an exact plan, complete with blue prints and every(prenominal) the correct move required for a perfect creation, entirely rather evolution is a tinkerer who plays with different parts and works with what he is given. The tinkerer unlike the engineer has no final goal to reach, but rather tweaks certain characteristics or parts to fit into the bigger picture. While the engineer has unrivalled fool-proof solution to any given difficulty the tinkerer comes up with many different ways to solve one problem this can be seen in the variety of the models of eyes in the many species on earth and how each evolved. Lastly the tinkerer does not create from nothing; he always builds on top of what already exists. This is true of evolution which gives new functions to already existing characteristics (Jacob).
Examples of this tinkering can be seen in the human being sapiens or sympathetics.
It is said that the evolution of the modern human being has taken place over 6 million years. Because at that place is fossil evidence that shows physical similarities that links a customary ancestor to many order Primates, humans are considered primates. When looking for tinkering in human evolution, characteristics that stand out are, bipedalism, encephalization, and the various vestigiality in the human body.
Figure 1: Phylogenetic tree of the modern Homo sapiens originating from around 6 million years past from the Sahelanthnopus tohadensis.
One trait that really sets the humans apart from some other primates is the ability to walk upright. This phenomenon is called bipedalism. Though many primates today...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay
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